This complex comprises three adjacent Norias of varying diameters (14–18 m), constructed in the 15th century under the patronage of the influential Al-Ja'bari merchant family. A distinguishing feature is a basalt foundation plaque, which displays Mamluk foliate ornamentation and dates

‏In the heart of the Syrian Golan, the fortress of Qal‘at al-Subayba stands tall atop a mountain slope, bearing silent witness to a rich and eventful history. This fortress was constructed in the 12th century AD during the Ayyubid period,

The Ancient City of Ebla (Tell Mardikh) Ebla is located atop Tell Mardikh in the eastern countryside of Idlib and represents one of the most important cultural centers of the Early Bronze Age. It was founded in 2400 BCE at

The Phoenicians, originating from the city of Sidon, established the settlement of Arwad on the island as a means of protection from external threats. They also founded a complementary settlement on the mainland coast, known as Amrit, which served as

Aleppo Citadel holds within its walls a history spanning over four thousand years, though its current form was primarily shaped during the Seljuk period and subsequent eras. The initial fortifications were constructed atop a natural limestone outcrop rising about 50

Perched on a volcanic hill overlooking the Homs coastal passage, Krak des Chevaliers was first built by the Knights Hospitaller starting in 1142 CE, becoming the most powerful Crusader fortress in the Levant. The castle consists of two concentric walls:

The slopes of Maaloula are lined with tightly clustered houses carved into limestone, reflecting human adaptation to harsh terrain and the continued use of the Aramaic language. The construction system is based on the principle of vertical stacking, whereby the

Rising majestically on the banks of the Euphrates River near the city of Al-Mayadin in eastern Syria, Qal’at al-Rahba (The Citadel of Rahba) stands as a monumental reminder of the region’s layered history. Geographically, the site lies at longitude 40.5°

Qasr al-Banat (Palace of the Maidens) The luxurious Qasr al-Banat, located southeast of Raqqa city in northeastern Syria, is one of the most important and oldest archaeological landmarks in the city. Built in the 11th century CE, it has preserved

Tel Brak rises 40 meters above the plains of the Khabur River. Archaeological evidence indicates that the site began as an agricultural settlement around 4200 BCE, before evolving into a thriving city during the Early Dynastic period. One of its

The Roman theater in Bosra, is considered one of the best-preserved Roman theaters in the world. Built from black basalt stone, it can accommodate around 17,000 spectators, making it one of the largest theaters in the ancient world. During the

The Great Umayyad Mosque, often simply referred to as the Umayyad Mosque, is a significant Islamic mosque commissioned by the Umayyad Caliph Al-Walid ibn Abd al-Malik in Damascus. It stands as the fourth most revered mosque in Islam, following the

At one of the entrances to the old city of As-Suwayda stands the Arch of Triumph,an enduring symbol of architectural grandeur and historical depth. This ancient monument bears witness to the Roman era in the region, a time that left

The discovery of Ugarit revolutionized archaeology and historical understanding. Remarkably, it was found by chance in 1929 when a farmer plowing his land in Minet el-Beida struck a large, intricately carved stone. Specialists identified it as part of a burial