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The layers of Tell Mashirfeh, with a base diameter of up to 1000 meters, reveal urban development spanning from the Middle Bronze Age to the Iron Age. Excavations by Oxford University (2002–2010) uncovered a royal palace roofed with cedar wood and wine cellars capable of holding 20,000 liters, in addition to an exceptional treasure room containing Egyptian ivory artifacts and clay tablets documenting Qatna’s treaties with the kingdom of Yamhad. The palace is the only architectural reference in Syria that includes a pre-Persian badgir (wind-catcher) ventilation system.
